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Arnold Schoenberg (1874-1951)

Arnold
          Schoenberg composerArnold Schoenberg is the well-known inventor of the 12-tone system. He was, amazingly, a self-taught musician, whose Harmonienlehre ("Theory of Harmony") is still studied for the breadth of its understanding of the deepest meaning of structure in music. For all its theoretical underpinning, Schoenberg's music is most often dramatic in a romantic way, at the same time leaping to the horizons of pitch in its melodies and, through fragmentation and "Klangfarbenmelodie" (sound-color-melody), creating an angular, "modern" sound in its rhythm and unique orchestration. Schoenberg's earlier works are more romantic and are all are conceived on the sweeping scale of interior hyper-emotion. The Chamber Symphony of 1906 combines this style with the angular style that would appear in Schoenberg's violin and piano concertos of the 1930's. The first of Schoenberg's works in which tonality is completely absent is The Book of the Hanging Gardens (1907). Following this came the brilliant Five Pieces for Orchestra, op. 16 (1909), with its entirely new approach to orchestration; the Piano Music, opp. 11 & 19; and Pierrot Lunaire; all of which completely changed the sound of symphonic, chamber and piano music.
-  Blue Gene Tyranny, All Music Guide

COMPOSITIONS                                              Schoenberg Links     ~ ~ ~     Works by Genre    ~ ~ ~    Schoenberg on Schoenberg
Viel tausend Blümlein auf der Au, chorus (undated youth work)
Friedlicher Abend senkt sich aufs Gefilde, chorus (undated youth work)
Song Without Words, piano (undated youth work)
Romance (D minor), 2 violins and viola (undated youth work)
Es ist ein Flüstern, tenor and string quartet (no date)
Alliance Waltz, 2 violins (1882-)
Sonnenschein-Polka, 2 violins (1882-)
Three Songs Without Words, 2 violins (1882-)
Piece for Violin and Piano (D minor) (1893/94)
Three Pieces, piano (1894)
Seven Songs, voice and piano (1893–1896)
Six Pieces, piano 4-hands (1895–1896)
Oh, You Little One (Ei, du Lütte), chorus (1895/96)
Notturno, strings and harp (1896) [also known as "Adagio for Harp and Strings"]
Presto (C major), string quartet (1896/97)
Gavotte and Musette (in olden style), string orchestra (1897)
String Quartet (D major) (1897)
Scherzo for String Quartet (F Major) (1897)
Two Songs, baritone and piano, op. 1 (1898)
Four Songs, voice and piano, op. 2 (1899)
Six Songs, medium voice and piano, op. 3 (1899–1903)
Verklarte Nacht (Transfigured Night), string sextet, op. 4 (Dec 1899)

Eleven Songs, voice and piano (1893-1900)
Early Songs (12), voice and piano (1893-1900)
Gurre-Lieder, soloists, choruses and orchestra (Mar 1900- Mar 1901; orchestrated 1901-03, 1910-11)
8 Cabaret songs (8 Brettllieder), soprano, piccolo, trumpet, snare drum and piano (1901)
Song of the Wood-Dove, from Gurre-Lieder (version for voice and chamber orchestra, arr. 1922)
Pelleas und Melisanade, orchestra, op. 5 (July 1902- Feb 1903)
To Submit to Your Sweet Glance (Deinem Blick mich zu bequemen), voice and piano (1903)
Remembrance (Gedenken), voice and piano (1893/1903?)
Six Orchestral Songs, op. 8 (Dec 1903- Mar 1904)
Eight Songs, voice and piano, op. 6 (Dec 1903- Oct 1905)
String Quartet No. 1, op. 7, d (1904- Sept 1905)
Three Canonical Choruses on words of Goethe, chorus (1905)
A Rendezvous (Ein Stelldichein), oboe, clarinet, piano, violin and cello (1905)
Chamber Symphony No. 1, 15 instruments, op. 9 (July 1906; full orch Nov 1922; rev. Apr 1935)
Friede auf Erden, chorus, op. 13 (Feb-Mar 1907)
Two Ballads, voice and piano, op. 12 (Mar-Apr 1907)
Two Songs, voice and piano, op. 14 (Dec 1907, Feb 1908)
String Quartet No. 2, string quartet, with soprano in mvts 3 & 4, op. 10 (Mar 1907- Aug 1908)
Book of the Hanging Gardens, voice and piano, op. 15 (Mar 1908-Mar 1909)
At the Seashore (Am Strande), voice and piano (1909)
Three Piano Pieces, piano, op. 11 (Feb, Aug 1909)
Five Pieces for Orchestra, op. 16 (May-Aug 1909, rev. Sept 1949)
Erwartung, monodrama, op. 17 (Aug-Sept 1909)
3 Little Orchestra Pieces (3 kleine Orchesterstücke), chamber orchestra (1910)
Six Little Piano Pieces, piano, op. 19 (Feb, June 1911)
Herzgewachse (Foliage of the Heart), soprano, celeste, harp, harmonium, op. 20 (Dec 1911)
Pierrot Lunaire, speaker and chamber ensemble, op. 21 (Apr-May 1912)
Gurre-Lieder, soloists, choruses and orchestra (Mar 1900- Mar 1901; orchestrated 1901-03, 1910-11)
Die gluckliche Hand, drama with music, baritone, 2 mute roles, chorus and orchestra, op. 18 (1910-13)
Four Songs, voice and orchestra, op. 22 (Oct 1913- July 1916)
Der deutsche Michel, male chorus (1915–1916)
March, "The Iron Brigade" (Die eiserne Brigade), string quartet and piano (1916)
Four Part Canons (Goethe-Sprüche), chorus (1916)
Weihnachtsmusik (Christmas music), 2 violins, cello, piano and harmonium (1921)
Jacob's Ladder, oratorio, soli, mixed chorus and orchestra (1917–1922, unfinished)
Five Piano Pieces, op. 23 (July 1920, Feb 1923)
Suite, piano, op. 25 (July 1921, Mar 1923)
Serenade, chamber ensemble with baritone in mvt 4, op. 24 (Aug 1920- Apr 1923)
Quintet for Winds, op. 26 (Apr 1923- Aug 1924)
Four Pieces, chorus, op. 27 (Sept-Nov 1925)
Three Satires, chorus, op. 28 (Nov-Dec 1925)
Suite, Eb, chamber ensemble, op. 29 (Jan 1925- May 1926)
String Quartet No. 3, op. 30 (Jan-Mar 1927)
Variations for Orchestra, op. 31 (May 1926- Aug 1928)
Von Heute auf Morgen, opera, op. 32 (Oct 1928-Jan 1929)
Piano Piece, op. 33a (Dec 1928- Apr 1929)
3 Folksong movements (3 Volksliedsätze), chorus (1929)
4 German Folksongs (4 Deutsche Volkslieder), voice and piano (1929)
Begleitungsmusik zu einer Lichtspielszene (Accompaniment to a Cinematographic Scene), orchestra, op. 34 (Oct 1929- Feb 1930)
Six Pieces, male chorus, op. 35 (Apr 1929- Mar 1930)
Piano Piece, op. 33b (Oct 1931)
Moses und Aron, opera (1926-May 1932)
[Cello Concerto, after Monn’s Concerto in D major for harpsichord (Nov 1932- Jan 1933)]
Three Songs, voice and piano, op. 48 (Jan-Feb 1933)
[Concerto, str qt, orchestra, after Handel: Concerto grosso, op. 6, no. 7 (May-Aug 1933)]
Wer mit der Welt laufen will, muß Zeit haben, chorus (1926–1934)
Suite in Olden Style (Suite im alten Stile) (G major), string orchestra (Sept-Dec 1934)
Violin Concerto, op. 36 (1935- Sept 1936)
String Quartet No. 4, op. 37 (Apr-July 1937)
Kol Nidrei, speaker, chorus and orchestra, op. 39 (Aug-Sept 1938)
Chamber Symphony No. 2, op. 38 (Aug 1906- Dec 1916, Aug-Oct 1939)
Variations on a Recitative, organ, op. 40 (Aug-Oct 1941)
Sonata for Organ (1941, unfinished)
Ode to Napoleon, reciter, piano and string quartet or orchestra, op. 41 (Mar- June 1942)
Piano Concerto, op. 42 (July-Dec 1942)
Theme and Variations, band/orchestra, op. 43a (op. 43b) (July 1943)
Fanfare on motifs of Die Gurre-Lieder, 3 trumpets, 4 horns, 3 trombones, tuba and 2 percussion (1945)
Prelude “Genesis”, chorus and orchestra, op. 44 (Sept 1945)
String Trio, op. 45 (Aug-Sept 1946)
A Survivor from Warsaw, narrator, male chorus and orchestra, op. 46 (Aug 1947)
Three Folksongs, chorus, op. 49 (June 1948)
Phantasy, violin and piano, op. 47 (Mar 1949)
Thrice a Thousand Years (Dreimal tausend Jahre), chorus, op. 50a (Apr 1949)
Psalm 130, "De profundis", chorus, op. 50b (June-July 1950)
Modern Psalm, speaker, chorus and orchestra, op. 50c (1950, unfinished)


WORKS BY GENRE                                          Schoenberg Links    ~ ~ ~    Schoenberg on Schoenberg      ~ top of page ~
Dramatic/Theater
Erwartung, monodrama, op. 17 (Aug-Sept 1909)
Die gluckliche Hand, drama with music, baritone, 2 mute roles, chorus and orchestra, op. 18 (1910-13)
Jacob's Ladder, oratorio, soli, mixed chorus and orchestra (1917–1922, unfinished)
Von Heute auf Morgen, opera, op. 32 (Oct 1928-Jan 1929)
Moses und Aron, opera (1926-May 1932)
Ode to Napoleon, reciter, piano and string quartet or orchestra, op. 41 (Mar- June 1942)
A Survivor from Warsaw, narrator, male chorus and orchestra, op. 46 (Aug 1947)

Orchestra
Notturno, strings and harp (1896) [also known as "Adagio for Harp and Strings"]
Gavotte and Musette (in olden style), string orchestra (1897)
Verklarte Nacht (Transfigured Night), string sextet, op. 4 (Dec 1899)
Pelleas und Melisanade, orchestra, op. 5 (July 1902- Feb 1903)
Five Pieces for Orchestra, op. 16 (May-Aug 1909, rev. Sept 1949)
3 Little Orchestra Pieces (3 kleine Orchesterstücke), chamber orchestra (1910)
Variations for Orchestra, op. 31 (May 1926- Aug 1928)
Begleitungsmusik zu einer Lichtspielszene (Accompaniment to a Cinematographic Scene), orchestra, op. 34 (Oct 1929- Feb 1930)
Suite in Olden Style (Suite im alten Stile) (G major), string orchestra (Sept-Dec 1934)
Ode to Napoleon, reciter, piano and string quartet or orchestra, op. 41 (Mar- June 1942)
Theme and Variations, band/orchestra, op. 43a (op. 43b) (July 1943)

Band
Theme and Variations, band/orchestra, op. 43a (op. 43b) (July 1943)
Fanfare on motifs of Die Gurre-Lieder, 3 trumpets, 4 horns, 3 trombones, tuba and 2 percussion (1945)

Soloist(s) w/Orchestra
[Cello Concerto, after Monn’s Concerto in D major for harpsichord (Nov 1932- Jan 1933)]
[Concerto, str qt, orchestra, after Handel: Concerto grosso, op. 6, no. 7 (May-Aug 1933)]
Violin Concerto, op. 36 (1935- Sept 1936)
Piano Concerto, op. 42 (July-Dec 1942)

Chorus w/Orchestra
Gurre-Lieder, soloists, choruses and orchestra (Mar 1900- Mar 1901; orchestrated 1901-03, 1910-11)
Kol Nidrei, speaker, chorus and orchestra, op. 39 (Aug-Sept 1938)
Prelude “Genesis”, chorus and orchestra, op. 44 (Sept 1945)
A Survivor from Warsaw, narrator, male chorus and orchestra, op. 46 (Aug 1947)
Modern Psalm, speaker, chorus and orchestra, op. 50c (1950, unfinished)

Choral
Viel tausend Blümlein auf der Au, chorus (undated youth work)
Friedlicher Abend senkt sich aufs Gefilde, chorus (undated youth work)
Oh, You Little One (Ei, du Lütte), chorus (1895/96)
Three Canonical Choruses on words of Goethe, chorus (1905)
Friede auf Erden, chorus, op. 13 (Feb-Mar 1907)
Der deutsche Michel, male chorus (1915–1916)
Four Part Canons (Goethe-Sprüche), chorus (1916)
Four Pieces, chorus, op. 27 (Sept-Nov 1925)
Three Satires, chorus, op. 28 (Nov-Dec 1925)
3 Folksong movements (3 Volksliedsätze), chorus (1929)
Six Pieces, male chorus, op. 35 (Apr 1929- Mar 1930)
Wer mit der Welt laufen will, muß Zeit haben, chorus (1926–1934)
Three Folksongs, chorus, op. 49 (June 1948)
Thrice a Thousand Years (Dreimal tausend Jahre), chorus, op. 50a (Apr 1949)
Psalm 130, "De profundis", chorus, op. 50b (June-July 1950)

Chamber
Romance (D minor), 2 violins and viola (undated youth work)
Alliance Waltz, 2 violins (1882-)
Sonnenschein-Polka, 2 violins (1882-)
Three Songs Without Words, 2 violins (1882-)
Presto (C major), string quartet (1896/97)
String Quartet (D major) (1897)
Scherzo for String Quartet (F Major) (1897)
Verklarte Nacht (Transfigured Night), op. 4, string sextet (Dec 1899)
String Quartet No. 1, op. 7, d (1904- Sept 1905)
A Rendezvous (Ein Stelldichein), oboe, clarinet, piano, violin and cello (1905)
Chamber Symphony No. 1, 15 instruments, op. 9 (July 1906; full orch Nov 1922; rev. Apr 1935)
String Quartet No. 2, string quartet, with soprano in mvts 3 & 4, op. 10 (Mar 1907- Aug 1908)
Pierrot Lunaire, speaker and chamber ensemble, op. 21 (Apr-May 1912)
March, "The Iron Brigade" (Die eiserne Brigade), string quartet and piano (1916)
Weihnachtsmusik (Christmas music), 2 violins, cello, piano and harmonium (1921)
Serenade, chamber ensemble with baritone in mvt 4, op. 24 (Aug 1920- Apr 1923)
Quintet for Winds, op. 26 (Apr 1923- Aug 1924)
Suite, Eb, chamber ensemble, op. 29 (Jan 1925- May 1926)
String Quartet No. 3, op. 30 (Jan-Mar 1927)
String Quartet No. 4, op. 37 (Apr-July 1937)
Chamber Symphony No. 2, op. 38 (Aug 1906- Dec 1916, Aug-Oct 1939)
Ode to Napoleon, reciter, piano and string quartet or orchestra, op. 41 (Mar- June 1942)
Fanfare on motifs of Die Gurre-Lieder, 3 trumpets, 4 horns, 3 trombones, tuba and 2 percussion (1945)
String Trio, op. 45 (Aug-Sept 1946)

Solo Instrument
Piece for Violin and Piano (D minor) (1893/94)
Phantasy, violin and piano, op. 47 (Mar 1949)

Piano/Organ
Song Without Words, piano (undated youth work)
Three Pieces, piano (1894)
Six Pieces, piano 4-hands (1895–1896)
Three Piano Pieces, piano, op. 11 (Feb, Aug 1909)
Six Little Piano Pieces, piano, op. 19 (Feb, June 1911)
Five Piano Pieces, op. 23 (July 1920, Feb 1923)
Suite, piano, op. 25 (July 1921, Mar 1923)
Piano Piece, op. 33a (Dec 1928- Apr 1929)
Piano Piece, op. 33b (Oct 1931)
Variations on a Recitative, organ, op. 40 (Aug-Oct 1941)
Sonata for Organ (1941, unfinished)

Vocal
Es ist ein Flüstern, tenor and string quartet (no date)
Seven Songs, voice and piano (1893–1896)
Two Songs, baritone and piano, op. 1 (1898)
Four Songs, voice and piano, op. 2 (1899)
Six Songs, medium voice and piano, op. 3 (1899–1903)
Eleven Songs, voice and piano (1893-1900)
Early Songs (12), voice and piano (1893-1900)
8 Cabaret songs (8 Brettllieder), soprano, piccolo, trumpet, snare drum and piano (1901)
Song of the Wood-Dove, from Gurre-Lieder (version for voice and chamber orchestra, arr. 1922)
To Submit to Your Sweet Glance (Deinem Blick mich zu bequemen), voice and piano (1903)
Remembrance (Gedenken), voice and piano (1893/1903?)
Six Orchestral Songs, op. 8 (Dec 1903- Mar 1904)
Eight Songs, voice and piano, op. 6 (Dec 1903- Oct 1905)
Two Ballads, voice and piano, op. 12 (Mar-Apr 1907)
Two Songs, voice and piano, op. 14 (Dec 1907, Feb 1908)
Book of the Hanging Gardens, voice and piano, op. 15 (Mar 1908-Mar 1909)
At the Seashore (Am Strande), voice and piano (1909)
Herzgewachse (Foliage of the Heart), soprano, celeste, harp, harmonium, op. 20 (Dec 1911)
Pierrot Lunaire, speaker and chamber ensemble, op. 21 (Apr-May 1912)
Four Songs, voice and orchestra, op. 22 (Oct 1913- July 1916)
4 German Folksongs (4 Deutsche Volkslieder), voice and piano (1929)
Three Songs, voice and piano, op. 48 (Jan-Feb 1933)

Incidental/Film
Begleitungsmusik zu einer Lichtspielszene (Accompaniment to a Cinematographic Scene), orchestra, op. 34 (Oct 1929- Feb 1930)


SCHOENBERG  LINKS                                            Works by Genre    ~ ~ ~    Schoenberg on Schoenberg      ~ top of page ~
Air from Another Planet (Christopher Fox, guardian.co.uk)
Arnold Schoenberg's Paintings and Drawings
Arnold Schoenberg's Second String Quartet - The Day Music Went Mad (Norman Lebrecht, La Scena Musicale)
Blue Gaze: Arnold Schoenberg's Pierrot Lunaire (Steve Hicken, The High Hat)
Innervisions: Arnold Schoenberg, the Painter (opus 111)
New Music, Outmoded Music, Style and Idea (essay by Schoenberg)
Schoenberg at UCLA: Reminiscences from Leonard Stein (an interview by Maiko Kawabata)
Schoenberg - Pierrot Lunaire: An Atonal Landmark (John Winiarz, La Scena Musicale)
Schoenberg the Romantic (Duncan Vinson)
Schoenberg's Family Battles USC for Collection
Schoenberg's Harmonielehre: Modernism Through Tradition
Whistling in the Dark: Schoenberg's Unfinished Revolution (Alex Ross, The New Yorker)
Why We're Still Afraid of Schoenberg (Norman Lebrecht, La Scena Musicale)

Books
Arnold Schoenberg's Journey (Allen Shawn, Harvard University Press)
The Atonal Music of Arnold Schoenberg, 1908-1923 (Bryan R. Simms, Oxford, books.google.com)
The Musical Idea and the Logic, Technique and Art of Its Presentation (Schoenberg, Indiana U. Pr., books.google.com)
Political and Religious Ideas in the Works of Arnold Schoenberg (Charlotte Marie, Taylor & Francis, books.google.com)
Structural Functions of Harmony (Arnold Schoenberg, W.W. Norton, books.google.com)
Style and Idea (Arnold Schoenberg, Leonard Stein, Leo Black, Univ. of California Pr., books.google.com)
Theory of Harmony (Arnold Schoenberg, Univ. of California Pr., books.google.com)

Arnold Schoenberg Center
Schoenberg Discography, with Works List, Chronology, Bibliography, etc. (website by Wayne Shoaf)

Schoenberg @ Wikipedia
Schoenberg @ 20th Century Arts and Humanities (Dr. Michael Delahoyde, Washington State University)
Schoenberg @ Classic Cat
Schoenberg @ Classical Archives
Schoenberg @ Classical Composers Database
Schoenberg @ Classical Net
Schoenberg @ ClickItTicket
Schoenberg @ composition:today
Schoenberg @ Essentials of Music
Schoenberg @ Dr. Estrella's Incredibly Abridged Dictionary of Composers
Schoenberg @ fUSION Anomaly
Schoenberg @ Humanities Web
Schoenberg @ IMDb (Internet Movie Database)
Schoenberg @ Infoplease.com
Schoenberg @ IPL (The Internet Public Library)
Schoenberg @ The Jewish Virtual Library
Schoenberg @ Kunst der Fuge
Schoenberg @ Milken Archive of American Jewish Music
Schoenberg @ Music Academy Online
Schoenberg @ MusicWeb International
Schoenberg @ Naxos
Schoenberg @ The New York Times
Schoenberg @ NNDB
Schoenberg @ W.W. Norton
Schoenberg @ Philharmonia Orchestra
Schoenberg @ Piano Society
Schoenberg @ REC Music Foundation /The Lied and Art Song Texts Page
Schoenberg @ Schoenberg Links (compiled by Schoenberg's grandson Randol)
Schoenberg @ Todd Tarantino's Blog
Schoenberg @ Tour My Country

Publishers
Schoenberg @ Belmont Music Publishers
Schoenberg @ Music Sales Classical
Schoenberg @ Schott Music

Streaming Audio
Schoenberg @ Classical Music Archives
Schoenberg @ Kunst der Fuge
Schoenberg @ last.fm
Schoenberg @ NPRmusic
Schoenberg @ Philharmonia Orchestra
Schoenberg @ Piano Society
Schoenberg @ PRX (Public Radio Exchange)

Recordings
Schoenberg @ ArkivMusic
Schoenberg @ ClassicsOnline

Schoenberg @ YouTube
    - Arnold Schoenberg (1874-1951)
    - Arnold Schönberg in Vienna before 1900
    - Arnold Schoenberg Recreation and Humor
    - Ronald (son) and Arnold Schoenberg

 Schoenberg on Schoenberg: On Painting and Composing (streaming audio)







 Schoenberg on Schoenberg: On His Four String Quartetes (streaming audio)







 Schoenberg on Schoenberg: In the Spirit of Mozart (VIDEO/streaming audio)







 Schoenberg on Schoenberg: Father of Modern Music







 Schoenberg on Schoenberg: Schoenberg's Children Speak - Part 1







 Schoenberg on Schoenberg: Schoenberg's Children Speak - Part 2







 Schoenberg on Schoenberg: Schoenberg's Children Speak - Part 3







 Schoenberg on Schoenberg: Schoenberg's Children Speak - Part 4

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