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György Ligeti (1923-2006)

Gyorgy Ligeti, composer György Ligeti was an adventurer in form and expression and a great visionary of contemporary music. His richly varied output takes a special position in its musical quality and uncompromising individuality. Ligeti moved far away from aesthetic trends and methods all his life. He was characterized by fresh and unorthodox ideas, any form of dogmatism was foreign to his nature, his entire oeuvre is marked by radical turning points. Admired and hugely influential in the profession, the sensual accessibility of his music has won the hearts of audiences everywhere. Born in Dicsőszentmárton (today Tîrnăveni), Transylvania, on 28 May 1923, the son of Hungarian-Jewish parents, he studied at the Klausenburg conservatory with Ferenc Farkas from 1941 to 1943, later (1945-49) at the Franz Liszt Academy in Budapest with Ferenc Farkas, Sándor Veress, Pál Járdányi and Lajos Bárdos. Very soon he developed the micropolyphony which later was to become one of the most significant features of his music. In his early pieces, such as the a-cappella choral work "Éjszaka Reggel" and his first successful work in the West, "Apparitions", this style is already extremely distinctive. In December 1956, after the Hungarian Revolution, he fled to the west, for artistic and political reasons. . Working as a free-lancer at the West German Radio electronic studios in Cologne (1957-58) he made an intensive study of  the music of Karlheinz Stockhausen, Mauricio Kagel and Pierre Boulez,  which found its musical expression in Artikulation (1958). This work, with Atmosphčres, the orchestral work he created in 1961, made Ligeti instantly well-known. In this piece, he worked almost completely without traditional melodic, harmonic and rhythmic parameters and concentrated on sounds with constantly changing textures. ‘Micropolyphony’, he once described, ‘means such a dense tissue that the individual parts become inaudible and only the resulting intermingling harmonies are effective as a form'. After his intensive work in Cologne in the 1950s and the development of micropolyphony in the 1960s, Ligeti’s personal style became simpler and more transparent in the 1970s. And as if wanting to withdraw from the predominating musical tendencies, he began to use tonal sounds again. He said: 'I no longer listen to rules on what is to be regarded as modern and what as old-fashioned.' His only full-length stage work Le Grand Macabre was inspired by the theatre of the absurd and is teeming with operetta-like wit and black humour. The composer wanted to communicate more directly with audiences: 'Stage action and music should be dangerous and bizarre, absolutely exaggerated, absolutely crazy.' In the 1980s and 1990s, Ligeti expanded his musical horizons again, incorporating structural principles of African drumming music into his works: the fanatic of the intricate developed new complex polyrhythmic techniques. They form the basis of the 3 collections of his Études pour piano which are considered to be the most important piano music of the late 20th century. György Ligeti travelled a long road: from Romanian folk music and the tonal language of his fellow countryman Béla Bartók to his own cosmos of sounds. The mentor of a whole generation of composers, he wanted to 'fuse the fear of death with laughter'. Ligeti was honoured with all the world’s major musical awards, including the Grawemayer Award, the Praemium Imperiale, the Ernst-von-Siemens Music Award, the Sibelius Prize, and the Kyoto-Prize.  He died on 12 June 2006 in Vienna.
-  Schott Music

COMPOSITIONS                                                            Ligeti  Links     ~ ~ ~     Works by Genre
Induló (March), piano 4-hands (1942)
Polifón etüd (Polyphonic Étude), piano 4-hands (1943)
Allegro, piano 4-hands (1943)
Cantata No. 1, "Et circa horam nonam", mezzo-soprano, 2 choruses and ensemble (1944-45; withdrawn)
Cantata No. 2, "Venit angelus", mezzo-soprano, chorus and ensemble (1945; withdrawn)
Little Serenade, string orchestra (1945; rev. 1947; withdrawn)
Due, violin and cello (1945; withdrawn)
3 Attila József Choruses, chorus (1945; withdrawn)
Burját-Mongol aratódal (Buriatic-Mongolian Harvest Song), chorus (1945; withdrawn)
Bicinia biciae (7 duos - textless), soprano, baritone and chorus (1945; withdrawn)
Dereng már a hajnal (The Dawn's Already Rising), chorus (1945; withdrawn)
Idegen földön (Far From Home/Abroad), female chorus (1946)
Betlehmi Királyok (The Magi), chorus (1946)
Bujdosó (The Fugitive/Wandering), chorus (1946)
Húsvét (Easter), female chorus (1946)
Magány (Solitude), chorus (1946)
Magos kösziklának (From a High Mountain Rock/By the Huge Rock), chorus (1946)
Duo, violin and piano (1946; withdrawn)
Three Weores Songs, voice and piano (1946-47)
Capriccio No. 1 & No. 2, piano (1947)
Ha folyóvíz volnék (If I could flow like the river), canon, voices in 4 parts (1947)
Invention, piano (1948)
Mifiso la sodo, small orchestra (1948; withdrawn)
Bölcsőtől a sírig (From the Cradle to the Grave), soprano, mezzo-soprano, ob, cl, str qt (1948; withdrawn)
Nagy idök (Great Times), chorus (1948; withdrawn)
Ifjúsági kantáta (Cantata for Youth), 4 soloists, chorus and orchestra (1948-49; withdrawn)
Régi magyar társas táncok [Old Hungarian Parlour Dances], string orchestra, w/flute or clarinet ad lib. (1949)
Tavaszi virág (Spring Flower), music for a puppet play, 7 vocal soloists and ensemble (1949; withdrawn)
Lakodalmi tánc (Four Wedding Dances), 3 female voices/female chorus and piano (1950)
Három lakodalmi tánc (Three Wedding Dances) arr. for pf 4-hands (1950) [??from Lakodalmi tánc, female chorus & pf, 1950]
Lokodalmas (Wedding Dance), chorus (1950)
Baladă şi joc (Ballad and Dance), 2 violins, or "school orchestra" (1950)
Andante and Allegro ("Two Movements"), string quartet (1950)
Kállai kettös (Kálló Two-Step), chorus (1950)
Movements (Andante cantabile; Allegretto poco capriccioso), string quartet (c. 1950)
Román népdalok és táncok (Romanian Folk Songs and Dances), mezzo-soprano, baritone and small orch (1950; withdrawn)
Tél (Winter), chorus (1950; withdrawn)
3 Attila József Songs, voice and piano (1950; withdrawn)
Petőfi bordala (Petőfi's Drinking Song), voice and piano (1950; withdrawn)
Sonatina, piano 4-hands (1950-51) [partly arr. from Musica ricercata?]
Hortobágy, chorus (1951)
Grande symphonie militaire op. 69, orchestra or piano (1951; withdrawn)
Az asszony és a katona (The Woman and the Soldier), chorus (1951; withdrawn)
Középlokon esik az esö (It's Raining in Középlok), voice and piano (1951; withdrawn)
Concert românesc, orchestra (1952)
Haj, ifjúság! (Youth!), chorus (1952)
Pletykázó asszonyok (Gossip), canon for voices in 4 parts (1952)
Five Arany Songs, voice and piano (1952)
Öt Arany-dal, voice and piano (1952)
Sonata for Cello (1948-53)
Musica ricercata (11 pieces), piano (1951-53)
Ricercare - Omaggio a Girolamo Frescobaldi, organ (1953) [arr. from Musica ricercata, 1951-53]
Inaktelki nóták (Songs from Inaktelke), chorus (1953)
Pápainé (Widow Pápai), chorus (1953)
Six Bagatelles for Wind Quintet (1953) [arr. from Musica ricercata, piano, 1951-53]
String Quartet No. 1 (Métamorphoses nocturnes) (1953-54)
Mátraszentimrei dalok (Four Songs from Mátraszentimre), chorus (1955)
Éjszaka (Night), chorus (1955)
Reggel (Morning), chorus (1955)
Chromatische Phantasie, piano (1956; withdrawn)
Glissandi, electronic music (1957)
Artikulation, electronic music (1958)
Apparitions, orchestra (1958-59)
Trois Bagatelles, piano (1961)
Fragment, chamber orchestra (10 instruments) (1961; rev. 1964)
Atmosphčres, orchestra (1961)
Die Zukunft der Musik, lecturer and audience (1961)
Volumina, organ (1961-62; rev. 1966)
Počme Symphonique for 100 metronomes (1962)
Aventures, 3 voices and 7 instruments (1962; rev. 1963)
Nouvelles Aventures, 3 voices and 7 instruments (1962-65)
Requiem, soprano, mezzo-soprano, chorus and orchestra (1963-65)
Aventures & Nouvelles Aventures, stage version of vocal works (1962-65; stage version, 1966)
Lux Aeterna, 16 solo voices (1966)
Cello Concerto (1966)
Lontano, orchestra (1967)
Continuum, harpsichord (1968)
Ten Pieces for Wind Quintet (1968)
String Quartet No. 2 (1968)
Two Studies for Organ (1967, 1969)
Ramifications, string orchestra or 12 solo strings (1968-69)
Chamber Concerto, 13 instruments (1969-70)
Melodien, orchestra (1971)
And Think of That While You're Swinging, documentary film score (1971)
Double Concerto for Flute, Oboe and Orchestra (1972)
Clocks and Clouds, 12 female voices and orchestra (1972-73)
San Francisco Polyphony, orchestra (1973-74)
Three Pieces for Two Pianos (1976)
Rondeau: Ein-Mann-Theater für einen Schauspieler und Tonband (One-Man Theater for One Actor and Tape) (1976)
Le Grand Macabre, opera (1974-77; second version, 1996)
Die Früchte der Arbeit, documentary film score (1977) [also contains music by Carlos Chavez]
Hungarian Rock (Chaconne), harpsichord (1978)
Passacaglia ungherese, harpsichord (1978)
Aventures d'apres la musique de György Ligeti, animated film score (1978)
Winterspelt (Winterspelt 1944), film score (1979)
Hommage ŕ Hilding Rosenberg, violin and cello (1982)
Trio for Violin, Horn and Piano, "Hommage ŕ Brahms" (1982)
Magyar Etüdök (Hungarian Études), 16 voices (1983)
Drei Phantasien (Three Fantasies), 16 voices (1983)
Morrer no mar, film (short) score (1984)
Études (6) pour piano, Book 1 (1985)
Die große Schildkröten: Fanfare vom Südchinesischen Meer (The Big Turtle: Fanfare from the South China Sea), trumpet (1985)
Requiem, film score (1986) [from concerto "Double Concerto for Flute, Oboe and Orchestra"]
Piano Concerto (1985-88)
Mysteries of the Macabre, trumpet and pf/or ensemble (arr. by E. Howarth) (1988; arr. coloratura soprano & ensemble, 1991)
Der Sommer (The Summer), soprano and piano (1989)
La ira, film score (1989) [also contains music by Aram Khachaturian]
Berlin murmures, documentary film score (1991)
Violin Concerto (1989-93)
Nonsense Madrigals, 6 male voices (1988-93)
Études (8) pour piano, Book 2 (1988-94)
Sonata for Solo Viola (1991-94)
Hamburg Concerto, horn and chamber orchestra w/4 obligato natural horns (1998-99: rev. 2003)
Bruno n'a pas d'agent [argent?], film (short) score (1999)
Síppal, dobbal, nádihegedűvel (With Pipes, Drums, Fiddles), song cycle, mezzo-soprano and 4 percussionists (2000)
Études (4) pour piano, Book 3 (1995-2001)
Um Filme Sem História (A Film Without Story), film (short) score (2002) [also contains music by Iannis Xenakis & John Cage]
Mutter (Mother), documentary film score (2002) [also contains music by Lászlo Dés]
Tulevaisuus ei ole entisensä (The Future Is Not What It Used to Be), documentary film score (2002)
    [also contains music by Erkki Kurenniemi, Jukka Ruohomäki and Sähkökvartetti]
Másnap (After the Day Before), film score (2004) [also contains music by Hans Mittendorf & Schahram Poursoudmand]
Before It Had a Name, film score (2005)


WORKS BY GENRE                                                            Ligeti  Links     ~ top of page ~
Dramatic/Theater
Tavaszi virág (Spring Flower), music for a puppet play, 7 vocal soloists and ensemble (1949; withdrawn)
Aventures & Nouvelles Aventures, stage version of vocal works (1962-65; stage version, 1966)
Rondeau: Ein-Mann-Theater für einen Schauspieler und Tonband (One-Man Theater for One Actor and Tape) (1976)
Le Grand Macabre, opera (1974-77; second version, 1996)

Orchestra
Régi magyar társas táncok [Old Hungarian Parlour Dances], string orchestra, w/flute or clarinet ad lib. (1949)
Baladă şi joc (Ballad and Dance), school orchestra (1950) [also for 2 violins]
Little Serenade, string orchestra (1945; rev. 1947; withdrawn)
Mifiso la sodo, small orchestra (1948; withdrawn)
Grande symphonie militaire op. 69, orchestra or piano (1951; withdrawn)
Concert românesc, orchestra (1952)
Apparitions, orchestra (1958-59)
Fragment, chamber orchestra (10 instruments) (1961; rev. 1964)
Atmosphčres, orchestra (1961)
Lontano, orchestra (1967)
Ramifications, string orchestra or 12 solo strings (1968-69)
Chamber Concerto, 13 instruments (1969-70)
Melodien, orchestra (1971)
San Francisco Polyphony, orchestra (1973-74)

Soloist(s) w/Orchestra
Cello Concerto (1966)
Double Concerto for Flute, Oboe and Orchestra (1972)
Piano Concerto (1985-88)
Violin Concerto (1989-93)
Hamburg Concerto, horn and chamber orchestra w/4 obligato natural horns (1998-99: rev. 2003)

Chorus w/Orchestra
Cantata No. 1, "Et circa horam nonam", mezzo-soprano, 2 choruses and ensemble (1944-45; withdrawn)
Cantata No. 2, "Venit angelus", mezzo-soprano, chorus and ensemble (1945; withdrawn)
Ifjúsági kantáta (Cantata for Youth), 4 soloists, chorus and orchestra (1948-49; withdrawn)
Requiem, soprano, mezzo-soprano, chorus and orchestra (1963-65)
Clocks and Clouds, 12 female voices and orchestra (1972-73)

Choral
3 Attila József Choruses, chorus (1945; withdrawn)
Burját-Mongol aratódal (Buriatic-Mongolian Harvest Song), chorus (1945; withdrawn)
Bicinia biciae (7 duos - textless), soprano, baritone and chorus (1945; withdrawn)
Dereng már a hajnal (The Dawn's Already Rising), chorus (1945; withdrawn)
Idegen földön (Far From Home/Abroad), female chorus (1946)
Betlehmi Királyok (The Magi), chorus (1946)
Bujdosó (The Fugitive/Wandering), chorus (1946)
Húsvét (Easter), female chorus (1946)
Magány (Solitude), chorus (1946)
Magos kösziklának (From a High Mountain Rock/By the Huge Rock), chorus (1946)
Ha folyóvíz volnék (If I could flow like the river), canon, voices in 4 parts (1947)
Nagy idök (Great Times), chorus (1948; withdrawn)
Lakodalmi tánc (Four Wedding Dances), 3 female voices/female chorus and piano (1950)
Lokodalmas (Wedding Dance), chorus (1950)
Kállai kettös (Kálló Two-Step), chorus (1950)
Tél (Winter), chorus (1950; withdrawn)
Hortobágy, chorus (1951)
Az asszony és a katona (The Woman and the Soldier), chorus (1951; withdrawn)
Haj, ifjúság! (Youth!), chorus (1952)
Pletykázó asszonyok (Gossip), canon for voices in 4 parts (1952)
Inaktelki nóták (Songs from Inaktelke), chorus (1953)
Pápainé (Widow Pápai), chorus (1953)
Mátraszentimrei dalok (Four Songs from Mátraszentimre), chorus (1955)
Éjszaka (Night), chorus (1955)
Reggel (Morning), chorus (1955)
Lux Aeterna, 16 solo voices (1966)
Magyar Etüdök (Hungarian Études), 16 voices (1983)
Drei Phantasien (Three Fantasies), 16 voices (1983)
Nonsense Madrigals, 6 male voices (1988-93)

Chamber
Due, violin and cello (1945; withdrawn)
Duo, violin and piano (1946; withdrawn)
Baladă şi joc (Ballad and Dance), 2 violins (1950) [also for "school orchestra"]
Andante and Allegro ("Two Movements"), string quartet (1950)
Movements (Andante cantabile; Allegretto poco capriccioso), string quartet (c. 1950)
Six Bagatelles for Wind Quintet (1953) [arr. from Musica ricercata, piano, 1951-53]
String Quartet No. 1 (Métamorphoses nocturnes) (1953-54)
Fragment, chamber orchestra (10 instruments) (1961; rev. 1964)
Počme Symphonique for 100 metronomes (1962)
Ten Pieces for Wind Quintet (1968)
String Quartet No. 2 (1968)
Ramifications, string orchestra or 12 solo strings (1968-69)
Chamber Concerto, 13 instruments (1969-70)
Hommage ŕ Hilding Rosenberg, violin and cello (1982)
Trio for Violin, Horn and Piano, "Hommage ŕ Brahms" (1982)
Mysteries of the Macabre, trumpet and piano/or ensemble (1988) (arr. by E. Howarth)

Solo Instrument
Sonata for Cello (1948-53)
Die große Schildkröten: Fanfare vom Südchinesischen Meer (The Big Turtle: Fanfare from the South China Sea), trumpet (1985)
Sonata for Solo Viola (1991-94)

Piano/Organ
Induló (March), piano 4-hands (1942)
Polifón etüd (Polyphonic Étude), piano 4-hands (1943)
Allegro, piano 4-hands (1943)
Capriccio No. 1, piano (1947)
Capriccio No. 2, piano (1947)
Invention, piano (1948)
Három lakodalmi tánc (Three Wedding Dances) arr. for pf 4-hands (1950) [??from Lakodalmi tánc, female chorus & pf, 1950]
Sonatina, piano 4-hands (1950-51) [partly arr. from Musica ricercata?]
Grande sonate militaire op. 69, piano (1951; withdrawn)
Musica ricercata (11 pieces), piano (1951-53)
    - I. Sostenuto - Misurato - Prestissimo
    - II. Mesto, rigido e cerimoniale
    - III. Allegro con spirito
    - IV. Tempo de Valse (poco vivace - ` l'orgue de Barbarie)
    - V. Rubato. Lamentoso
    - VI. Allegro molto capriccioso
    - VII. Cantabile, molto legato
    - VIII. Vivace. Energico
    - IX. (Bela Bartok in memoriam) Adago. Mesto - Allegro maestoso
    - X. Vivace. Capriccioso
    - XI. (Omaggio a Girolamo Frescobaldi) Andante misurato e tranquillo
Ricercare - Omaggio a Girolamo Frescobaldi, organ (1953) [arr. from Musica ricercata, 1951-53]
Chromatische Phantasie, piano (1956; withdrawn)
Trois Bagatelles, piano (1961)
Volumina, organ (1961-62; rev. 1966)
Continuum, harpsichord (1968)
Two Studies for Organ (1967, 1969)
    - Harmonies (1967)
    - Coulee (1969)
Three Pieces for Two Pianos (1976)
    - Monument
    - Selbstportrait mit Reich und Riley (und Chopin ist auch dabei)
    - Bewegung (Movement)
Hungarian Rock (Chaconne), harpsichord (1978)
Passacaglia ungherese, harpsichord (1978)
Études (6), premier livre (Book 1), piano (1985)
    - No. 1 Desordre
    - No. 2 Cordes vides
    - No. 3 Touches bloguees
    - No. 4 Fanfares
    - No. 5 Arc-en-ciel
    - No. 6 Automne a Varsovie
Études (8), deuxieme livre (Book 2), piano (1988-94)
    - No. 7 Galamb borong [Melancholy Dove]
    - No. 8 Fern [Metal]
    - No. 9 Vertige
    - No. 10 Der Zauberlehring
    - No. 11En suspens
    - No. 12 Enrrelacs
    - No. 13 L'escalier du diable
    - No. 14 Coloana infinita
Études (4), troixieme livre (Book 3), piano (1995-2001)
    - No. 15 White on White
    - No. 16 Pour Irina
    - No. 17 A bout de souffle
    - No. 18 Canon

Mechanical (player piano, barrel organ, metronomes)
Capriccio No. 1, piano/adapted for barrel organ (1947)
Capriccio No. 2, piano/adapted for barrel organ (1947)
Invention, piano/adapted for barrel organ (1948)
Musica ricercata (11 pieces), piano/adapted for barrel organ (1951-53)
    - I. Sostenuto - Misurato - Prestissimo
    - II. Mesto, rigido e cerimoniale
    - III. Allegro con spirito
    - IV. Tempo de Valse (poco vivace - ` l'orgue de Barbarie)
    - V. Rubato. Lamentoso
    - VI. Allegro molto capriccioso
    - VII. Cantabile, molto legato
    - VIII. Vivace. Energico
    - IX. (Bela Bartok in memoriam) Adago. Mesto - Allegro maestoso
    - X. Vivace. Capriccioso
    - XI. (Omaggio a Girolamo Frescobaldi) Andante misurato e tranquillo
Počme Symphonique for 100 metronomes (1962)
Continuum, harpsichord/adapted for barrel organ, or 2 player pianos (1968)
Hungarian Rock (Chaconne), harpsichord/adated for barrel organ (1978)
Étude No. 10, piano/adapted for player piano (1988-94) [Der Zauberlehrling: Prestissimo, staccatissimo, leggierissimo]
Étude No. 9, piano/adapted for player piano (1988-94) [Vertige: Prestissimo sempre molto legato, sehr gleichmassig]
Étude No. 11, piano/adapted for player piano (1988-94) [En suspens: Andante con moto, "avec l'iligance du swing"]
Étude No. 13, piano/adapted for player piano (1988-94) [L'Escalier Du Diable: Presto legato ma leggiero]
Étude No. 14a, piano/adapted for player piano (1993) [Coloana färä stârsit: Presto possibile, tempestoso con fuoco]
Étude No. 7, piano/adapted for 2 player pianos (1988-94) [Galamb borong: Vivacissimo luminoso, legato possibile]

Vocal
Three Weores Songs, voice and piano (1946-47)
Bölcsőtől a sírig (From the Cradle to the Grave), soprano, mezzo-soprano, ob, cl, str qt (1948; withdrawn)
Lakodalmi tánc (Four Wedding Dances), 3 female voices/female chorus and piano (1950)
Román népdalok és táncok (Romanian Folk Songs and Dances), mezzo-soprano, baritone and small orch (1950; withdrawn)
3 Attila József Songs, voice and piano (1950; withdrawn)
Petőfi bordala (Petőfi's Drinking Song), voice and piano (1950; withdrawn)
Középlokon esik az esö (It's Raining in Középlok), voice and piano (1951; withdrawn)
Five Arany Songs, voice and piano (1952)
Öt Arany-dal, voice and piano (1952)
Die Zukunft der Musik, lecturer and audience (1961)
Aventures, 3 voices and 7 instruments (1962; rev. 1963)
Nouvelles Aventures, 3 voices and 7 instruments (1962-65)
Der Sommer (The Summer), soprano and piano (1989)
Mysteries of the Macabre, coloratura soprano and ensemble (1991) (arr. by E. Howarth)
Nonsense Madrigals, 6 male voices (1988-93)
Síppal, dobbal, nádihegedűvel (With Pipes, Drums, Fiddles), song cycle, mezzo-soprano and 4 percussionists (2000)

Incidental/Film
And Think of That While You're Swinging, documentary film score (1971)
Die Früchte der Arbeit, documentary film score (1977) [also contains music by Carlos Chavez]
Aventures d'apres la musique de György Ligeti, animated film score (1978)
Winterspelt (Winterspelt 1944), film score (1979)
Morrer no mar, film (short) score (1984)
Requiem, film score (1986) [from concerto "Double Concerto for Flute, Oboe and Orchestra"]
La ira, film score (1989) [also contains music by Aram Khachaturian]
Berlin murmures, documentary film score (1991)
Bruno n'a pas d'agent [argent?], film (short) score (1999)
Um Filme Sem História (A Film Without Story), film (short) score (2002) [also contains music by Iannis Xenakis & John Cage]
Mutter (Mother), documentary film score (2002) [also contains music by Lászlo Dés]
Tulevaisuus ei ole entisensä (The Future Is Not What It Used to Be), documentary film score (2002)
    [also contains music by Erkki Kurenniemi, Jukka Ruohomäki and Sähkökvartetti]
Másnap (After the Day Before), film score (2004) [also contains music by Hans Mittendorf & Schahram Poursoudmand]
Before It Had a Name, film score (2005)
56 villanás, documentary film score (2007)
New Project for the End of Time, film score (2009)

Film Soundtracks featuring Ligeti Works
2001: A Space Odyssey (1968), film soundtrack featuring: Atmospheres; Lux Aeterna; Requiem; Adventures - uncredited
The Shining (1980), film soundtrack featuring: Lontano - uncredited
2010: The Year We Make Contact (1984), film soundtrack featuring: Lux Aeterna
Merci la vie (1991), film soundtrack featuring: Musica ricercata - Tempo di valse
Heat (1995), film soundtrack featuring: Concerto For Violoncello And Orchestra
Eyes Wide Shut (1999), film soundtrack featuring: Musica Ricercata II: Mesto, Rigido e Cerimonale, 1950
Mission Hill, TV soundtrack (unknown episodes) featuring Ligeti works
Reflections of Evil (2002), film soundtrack featuring Ligeti works
Lemming (2005), film soundtrack featuring: Continuum: Etüde für Klavier
Charlie and the Chocolate Factory (2005), film soundtrack featuring: Requiem
Suuri performanssi (Jupiter and Beyond) (2008), TV soundtrack featuring Ligeti works

Electronic
Glissandi, electronic music (1957)
Artikulation, electronic music (1958)
Pičce électronique No. 3, electronic music (composed/sketched, 1958; realized by the Institute of Sonology in Utrecht, the Netherlands, 1996)


LIGETI  LINKS                                                            Works by Genre      ~ top of page ~
American Composers Remember György Ligeti (1923-2006) (NewMusicBox)
Aventures: Ode to the Discrepancy Between Word and Deed (Stefan Beyst)
Dancing to Ligeti (Pia Catton, New York Sun)
György Ligeti (Lois Svard, Notes/BNET)
György Ligeti - A Beethoven for Our Time? (Paul Horsley, Andante.com)
György Ligeti - Atmosphčres Study (Simon James French)
György Ligeti:Počme Symphonique for 100 metronomes (1962) - score (artnotart.com/fluxus)
György Ligeti: Portrait, A Documentary (Michel Follin, director/UbuWeb) [dialog in French, without subtitles]
György Ligeti: Remembering Ligeti (tokafi.com)
György Ligeti's Private Passions (On An Overgrown Path)
John Tusa Interviews György Ligeti (BBC Radio 3)
Life in Counterpoint: Paul Griffiths on Gyorgy Ligeti (ArtForum)
The Music of György Ligeti (Kansas City Electronic Music Alliance)
Musical Pluralism in the 1960s: Luciano Berio and György Ligeti (Charles Lockwood, New York University in Prague)
Overtones, Intervals, and Generative Transformations in Ligeti’s Hamburg Concerto (Kris Shaffer, Yale University)
Time and Texture in Lutoslawski's Concerto for Orchestra and Ligeti's Chamber Concerto (Rosemary Mountain)

Obituaries
Composer György Ligeti Dies at 83 (Ben Mattison, Playbill)
Composer Gyorgy Ligeti Dies at Age 83 (Blogcritics.org)
Composer Gyorgy Ligeti, of '2001: A Space Odyssey' Fame, Dies at 83 (Fox News)
Composer Ligeti, a Kubrick Favorite, Has Died (NPR)
Composer Ligeti Dies Aged 83 (Israel Culture/Ynetnews)
Composer Ligeti Dies at 83 (Phil Gallo, Variety)
György Ligeti (Stephen Plaistow, The Guardian)
György Ligeti, 83; a Mercurial Composer Who Despised Dogmas (Mark Swed, Los Angeles Philharmonic)
György Ligeti, 83, Composer of Le Grand Macabre Has Died (Opera News)
György Ligeti, Central-European Composer of Bleakness and Humor, Dies at 83 (Paul Griffiths, The New York Times)
György Ligeti: Influential Composer of Wry, Startling Pieces (Richard Dyer, The Boston Globe)
György Ligeti - Innovative Composer of Genius (Paul Driver, The Independent)
György Ligeti: Music of the Imagination (Ian Thomson, The Independent)
György Ligeti Obituary (Telegraph)
György Ligeti Obituary (The Times Online)
György Ligeti's Le Grand Macabre is Unique (Paul Driver, Times Online)
György Ligeti's Music Was a Constant Surprise (Tim Page, Washington Post)
Hungarian Composer Gyorgy Ligeti Has Died (April MacIntyre, Monsters and Critics)
In Praise of ... Gyorgy Ligeti (Guardian)
Influential Composer Ligeti Dies (BBC News)
On the Death of Ligeti (Greg Staphanich, Palm Beach Post)
Ligeti, Musical Pioneer, Dies at 83 (Sam Jones, The Guardian)
Ligeti Split (Alex Ross, The Rest Is Noise)

Composer's website [none at the moment]
Composer website (@ Braunarts)

Ligeti @ Wikipedia
Ligeti @ About.com
Ligeti @ Answers.com
Ligeti @ Art + Culture
Ligeti @ Audiophile Audition
Ligeti @ Blockbuster Online
Ligeti @ Boring Like a Drill
Ligeti @ CITWF / Complete Index to World Film
Ligeti @ Classic Cat
Ligeti @ Classical Archives
Ligeti @ Classical Composers Database
Ligeti @ Classical Music Pages
Ligeti @ Classical Net
Ligeti @ ClassicsToday
Ligeti @ composition:today    also     here
Ligeti @ Culture Kiosque
Ligeti @ Dilettante Music
Ligeti @ Do The Math
Ligeti @ earsense blog
Ligeti @ Echo Studio
Ligeti @ Editon Peters
Ligeti @ Ensemble Sospeso
Ligeti @ Dr. Estrella's Incredibly Abridged Dictionary of Composers
Ligeti @ Essentials of Music
Ligeti @ Everything2
Ligeti @ Facebook
Ligeti @ Fandango
Ligeti @ The File Room
Ligeti @ filmweb.pl
Ligeti @ Find a Grave
Ligeti @ Fugue Masters
Ligeti @ Grawemeyer Awards
Ligeti @ IMDb (Internet Movie Database)
Ligeti @ Inamori Foundation
Ligeti @ Infoplease
Ligeti @ Instant Encore
Ligeti @ International Balzan Prize Foundation
Ligeti @ Ionarts
Ligeti @ Karadar Classical Music
Ligeti @ karsten witt musik management
Ligeti @ lichtensteiger.de
Ligeti @ Los Angeles Philharmonic
Ligeti @ mfiles
Ligeti @ MSN Encarta
Ligeti @ MSN Movies
Ligeti @ Mules Rasch
Ligeti @ Music & Vision
Ligeti @ MusicWeb International    also    here
Ligeti @ musicianguide.com
Ligeti @ My Music Base
Ligeti @ MySpace Music (1)
Ligeti @ MySpace Music (2)
Ligeti @ NationMaster
Ligeti @ Naxos
Ligeti @ New York Night Train
Ligeti @ The New York Times
Ligeti @ NNDB
Ligeti @ W.W. Norton
Ligeti @ Notable Biographies
Ligeti @ NPR
Ligeti @ The Omniscient Mussel
Ligeti @ Online Encyclopedia
Ligeti @ Rate Your Music
Ligeti @ REC Music Foundation /The Lied and Art Song Texts Page
Ligeti @ Renaissance Research
Ligeti @ Schott Music
Ligeti @ SoundUnwound
Ligeti @ Stanley Kubrick's The Shining
Ligeti @ Starpulse.com
Ligeti @ Suite101.com
Ligeti @ Universal Edition
Ligeti @ Vitro Nasu
Ligeti @ Warner Classics & Jazz
Ligeti @ WQXR

Streaming Audio
Ligeti @ BBC Radio 3/John Tusa Interviews György Ligeti
Ligeti @ The Classical MIDI Connection
Ligeti @ Classical Archives
Ligeti @ Dailymotion
Ligeti @ Essentials of Music
Ligeti @ last.fm    also     here
Ligeti @ lichtensteiger.de
Ligeti @ MySpace Music
Ligeti @ W.W. Norton
Ligeti @ NPRmusic
Ligeti @ Rhapsody
Ligeti @ UbuWeb
György Ligeti Tribute Online Compilation @ topher.fr

Recordings
Ligeti @ ArkivMusic
Ligeti @ ClassicsOnline
Ligeti @ Discogs
Ligeti @ Wergo

Ligeti @ YouTube
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