Carlos Chávez (1899-1978)
Carlos
Chávez was probably the most important Mexican composer of the
twentieth century. Known for his seven symphonies, the ballets La hija
de Colquide (The Dark Meadow), and Toxcatl - which uses his popular
Toccata for percussion (1947) - his concertos for piano and violin (one each)
and the four Soli (the third for orchestra and soloists and the others
for winds), he was a composer who generally did not follow trends and
fared better in purely orchestral or instrumental music. While Chávez's
style is sometimes not recognizable as Latin, as it can often sound
Stravinskyan and neo-Classical, folk elements of Aztec and Mexican
music rarely stay dormant for long, with their colorful rhythms, exotic
percussion and characterful themes. Chávez also wrote two books, one of
which was the influential Toward a New Music: Music and Electricity (1932). Chávez's father died when he was three, but he and his five
other siblings were generally well cared for by their mother, who was a
school teacher. He studied piano with Asuncion Parra, having already
developed a measure of proficiency from lessons in his early childhood
from an older brother. Young Carlos advanced rapidly and by the age of
11 began studies with Ponce. While he received instruction only on
piano during his early years, Chávez began to study instrumentation on
his own. Throughout his career, in fact, he continued this practice:
his copies of Beethoven's and Brahms' symphonies, for instance,
contained all sorts of notations in his hand. At 15, Chávez became a
pupil of Ogazon and a year later took some instruction from Fuentes in
harmony. Among his first important works was the Piano Sextet (1919),
whose piano part he performed at its 1921 premiere. That same year
Chávez began work on his Aztec ballet El fuego Nuevo, on a government
commission. Chávez married Otilia Ortiz in September 1922, then
traveled to Europe and the United States with his bride over the next
several years, finding the culture of the latter much more to his
liking. In fact, he made many subsequent trips there and even lived in
New York City from 1926 to 1928, where he developed friendships with
Copland, Varèse and other important figures of the day. His only opera,
The Visitors, premiered in New York in May 1957. In 1924, Chávez began
writing music articles for El universal, a Mexico City newspaper, and
he continued to do so for most of the rest of his life. He also had
developed ties in politics by now and soon received important
appointments: directorship of the National Conservatory came in 1928;
and in 1933 he took up the reins at the Public Education's fine arts
department. But he remained busy composing during these years, too,
completing his ballet Caballos de vapor in 1932 and turning out his
first (1933) and second (1935-1936) symphonies, as well as many other
works. In 1947, Chávez helped establish Mexico's National Institute of
Fine Arts. He made a return trip to Europe two years later, but still
found its culture of no great appeal to his sensibilities. Over the
next two decades he composed more symphonies (his seventh coming in
1960 and his sixth in 1961), many songs, and chamber works. In
1958-1959, he served as Charles Eliot Norton Chair of Poetics at
Harvard University.- Robert Cummings, All Music Guide
COMPOSITIONS Chávez Links ~ ~ ~ Works by Genre
La danza de las brujas, piano (1910)
Barcarola, piano (1911)
Preludio, violin and piano (1911)
Canción, piano (1911)
Nocturno, piano (1911)
Serenata, piano (1911)
Miniatura, piano (1912)
Vals I y II, piano (1912)
Serenata, violin and piano (1913)
Romanza, violin and piano (1913)
Segundo estudio de concierto, piano (1915)
Adelita and La cucaracha, piano (1915)
Anda buscando de rosa en rosa, piano (1915)
Sinfonía, orchestra (1915/18)
Himno En elogio de la espada, chorus (1916)
Berceuse, piano (1918)
Carnaval, piano (1918)
Elegía I-II, piano (1918)
Extase, voice and piano (1918)
Esperanza ingenua, piano (1918)
Gavota, piano (1918)
Meditación, piano (1918)
Oda I, piano (1918)
Pensamiento feliz, piano (1918)
Sonata fantasia (Sonata No. l), piano (1918)
Suavemente (Suavamente), piano (1918)
Triste sonrisa, piano (1918)
Meine lieber Flamen, voice and piano (1918)
Sextet, 2 violin, viola, 2 cellos and piano (1919)
Estrellas fijas, soprano (or tenor) and piano (1919) [text: J. A. Silva]
Adiós, adiós, piano (1919)
Barcarola (2), piano (1919)
Du bist wie eine Blume, soprano (or tenor) and piano (1919) [text: H. Heine]
Sonata No. 2, piano (1919-20)
Benedición, piano (1920)
Cuando empieza a caer la tarde, piano (1920)
Encanto sutil, piano (1920)
Estudios (Etudes) I-IV, piano (1919-20)
Hoja de album, piano (1920)
Noche: aguafuerte, piano (1920)
Preludio, piano (1920)
Valses íntimos I-IV, piano (1919-20)
À l'aube: image mexicaine, piano (1921) [not 1915]
Vals Elegía, piano (1921)
El fuego nuevo, ballet azteca (1921, unstaged)
String Quartet No. l (1921)
Madrigal, cello (or viola) and piano (1921)
Cuatro Nocturnos (4), piano (1922)
Jarabe, piano (1922) [after trad. Mexican dance]
Madrigals I-VII, piano (1921-22)
Inútil epigramma, soprano (or tenor) and piano (1923) [text: R. de Carvalho]
Aspectos I-II, piano (1923)
Imágen mexicana, chorus [STBB] (1923) [arr. of trad. Mexican canción] [also version for solo piano]
Polígonos, piano (1923) [pub. in "Seven Pieces", 1923-1930]
Three Pieces (3 Piezas), guitar (1923)
Tres exágonos, soprano (or tenor) and piano (or fl/pic, ob/EH, bsn, va) (1923) [text: C. Pellicer]
Otros tres exágonos, soprano (or tenor), flute, oboe, bassoon, viola and piano (1924) [text: C. Pellicer]
Sonatina, cello and piano (1924)
Sonatina, violin and piano (1924)
Sonatina, piano (1924)
Xochimilco Dance, piano (c. 1924)
Cake-Walk, piano (1925)
Foxtrot, piano (1925)
36, piano (1925) [original title: Horsepower; changed to avoid confusion with H.P., ballet] [pub. in "Seven Pieces", 1923-1930]
Los cuatro sales, ballet indígena (1925; fp. 1951)
Energía, piccolo, flute, bassoon, horn, trumpet, bass trombone, viola, cello and double bass (1925)
Solo, piano (1926) [pub. in "Seven Pieces", 1923-1930]
Chapultepec (Obertura republicana): Three Famous Mexican Pieces, band (1926; arr. for orchestra, 1935)
Suite de Caballos de vapor (H.P.; Sinfonía de baile; Horsepower Suite; Ballet symphony), orchestra (1926) [also arr. for 2 pf]
Caballos de vapor [H.P.], ballet (1926-32) [H.P. = Horse Power]
Blues, piano (1928) [pub. in "Seven Pieces", 1923-1930]
Sonata for Piano (Sonata III) (1928)
Fox, piano (1928) [pub. in "Seven Pieces", 1923-1930]
Sonata, 4 horns (1929-30)
Paisaje (Landscape), piano (1930) [pub. in "Seven Pieces", 1923-1930]
Unidad (Unity), piano (1930) [pub. in "Seven Pieces", 1923-1930]
Tierra mojada, chorus; or chorus, oboe and English horn (1932) [text: R. López Velarde]
String Quartet No. 2, violin, viola, cello and double bass (1932)
Antígona, incidental music, piccolo, oboe, English horn, clarinet, trumpet, harp and 2 perc (1932) [J. Cocteau, after Sophocles]
Todo, mezzo-soprano (or baritone) and piano (1932) [text: R. López Velarde]
Sinfoní de Antígona (Symphony No. l), orchestra (1933)
Soli I, oboe, clarinet, trumpet and bassoon (1933)
Cantos de México, orchestra (1933)
Llamadas, sinfonía proletaria, chorus and orchestra (1934) [text: Mexican Revolutionary ballads]
El sol, corrido mexicano, chorus and orchestra (or band w/ad lib chorus) (1934) [text: trad., C. Gutiérrez Santa Cruz]
Three Spirals, violin and piano (1934)
Sinfonía india (Symphony No. 2), orchestra (1935-36)
Ten Preludes for Piano (1937)
Chaconne in E Minor (Buxtehude) (orchestrated 1937)
Concerto, 4 horns and orchestra (1937-38; reorchestrated, 1964)
Three Poems, soprano (or tenor) and piano (1938)
- Segador [text: Pellicer]
- Hoy no lució la estrella de tus ojos [text: S. Novo]
- Nocturna rosa [text: Villaurrutia]
Piano Concerto (1938-40)
Cuatro Nocturnos (4 songs), soprano, alto and orchestra (1939) [text: X. Villaurrutia]
La paloma azul (The Blue Dove), chorus and piano (or small orchestra) (1940) [1939?]
Para Juanita, piano (1940)
Trio, flute, viola and harp (1940) [arrs. of 4 pieces by Debussy and Falla]
Xochipili Macuilxoxhitl: Una música azteca imaginaria, piccolo, flute, clarinet, trombone, and 6 percussionists (1940)
La casada infiel, alto (or baritone) and piano (1941) [text: F. García Lorca]
Sonata No. 4, piano (1941)
Himno nacional (Jaime Nunó) (orchestrated 1941)
Tree of Sorrow (Arbolucu, te sequeste, chorus (1942) [text: trad. folksong arr.]
Fugas, piano (1942)
A Woman is a Worthy Thing, chorus (1942) [text: 15th-century]
Toccata, 6 percussionists (1942)
Cuatro melodías tradicionales indias del Ecuador, (4 songs) soprano (or tenor), fl, ob, cl, bsn, str qt, db and 2 perc (1942)
Miniatura: homenaje a Carl Deis, piano (1942)
Three Nocturnes, chorus (1942)
North Carolina Blues, mezzo-soprano (or baritone) and piano (1942) [text: Villaurrutia]
Danza de la pluma, piano (1943) [after trad. Mexican dance]
La llorona, piano (1943) [after trad. son]
Concerto in G Minor, op. 6, no. 1 (Vivaldi) (orchestrated 1943)
La hija de Cólquide, ballet, wind quartet and string quartet (1943) [choreography: M. Graham] [also suite for chamber ensemble]
- rev. as "Dark Meadow" (fp. 23 Jan 1946)
La hija de Cólquide, symphonic suite, orchestra (1943)
- Zarabanda, string orchestra (1943)
String Quartet No. 3 (1943-44)
La zandunga, piano (1943)
Suite, double string quartet (1943) [Preludio; Interludio; Incantamento; Sarabanda; Peana; Postludio]
Ah! Freedome, chorus (1942) [text: J. Barbour, adapted W. Wager]
Canto a la tierra, unison chorus and piano (or 2 hn, 2 tpt, 2 trbn, tuba) (1946) [text: E. González Martínez]
Toccata, orchestra (1947) [incidental music for Don Quijote by Cervantes]
Violin Concerto (1948-50)
Three Etudes for Piano à Chopin (1949) [not 1926]
Estudio IV: homenaje a Chopin, piano (1949)
Left Hand Inversions of 5 Chopin Etudes, piano (1950)
Happy Birthday, chorus (1951)
Symphony No. 3, orchestra (1951-54)
Cuatro nuevos estudios (4), piano (1952)
Symphony No. 5, string orchestra (1953)
Symphony No. 4 (sinfonía romántica), orchestra (1953)
Baile, cuadro sinfónico, orchestra (1953)
Panfilo and Lauretta, opera in 3 acts (1953-56) [libretto: C. Kallman, after G. Boccaccio]
- rev. as "Love Propitiated" (fp. 28 Oct 1959)
- rev. as "El amor propiciado" (fp. 21 May 1963) [trans. N. Lindsay, E. Hernández Moncada]
- rev. as "Los visitantes" (fp. 26 July 1968)
- rev. as "The Visitors" (fp. 1973)
Prometheus Bound, cantata, A, T, Bar, B soloists, chorus and orchestra (1956) [text: Aeschylus, trans. R. Trevelyan]
Upingos, oboe (1957) [incidental music for Hippolytus by Eurípides]
Invención, piano (1958)
Sonata No. 5, piano (1960)
Symphony No. 6, orchestra (1961)
Sonata No. 6, piano (1961)
Soli II, wind quintet (flute, oboe, clarinet, bassoon and horn) (1961)
Lamentaciones, soprano (or tenor), piccolo, oboe and 2 perc [marimba, bombo] (1962) [text: Nahuatl text, trans. A.M. Garibay]
Tambuco, 6 percussionists (1964)
Resonancias, orchestra (1964)
Fuga HAGC, violin, viola, cello and double bass (1964)
Soli III, bassoon, trumpet, timpani, viola and orchestra (1965)
Invención II, string trio [violin, viola and cello] (1965)
Soli IV, horn, trumpet and trombone (1966)
Mañanas mexicanas, piano (1967) [arr. 1974 for band]
Elatio, orchestra (1967)
Invención III, harp (1967)
Vocalización aguda, coloratura soprano and piano (1967)
Pirámide, ballet in 4 acts, chorus, tape and orchestra (1968, unstaged)
- Fragmento, speaking chorus (1968) [from ballet "Pirámide"]
Discovery, orchestra (1969)
Variations, violin and piano (1969)
Clio, symphonic ode, orchestra (1969)
Sinfonia de México, documentary short film score (1970)
Initium, orchestra (1971)
Tema equis, a set of television station ID's, brass quintet and chorus (1972)
Nonantzin, chorus (1972) [text: Nahuatl writings]
Estudio a Rubinstein, piano (1973)
Partita, timpani (1973)
Sonante, string orchestra (1973)
Paisajes mexicanas, orchestra (1973)
Puntos rojos, documentary short film score (1973)
A Pastoral, chorus (1974) [text: N. Breton]
NOKWIC, chorus (1974) [text: Chávez]
Feuille d'album, guitar (1974)
The Waning Moon, chorus (1974) [text: Shelley]
Tzintzuntzan, variaciones sinfónicas, band (1974)
Rarely, chorus (1974) [text: Shelley]
Epistle, chorus (1974) [text: A. MacLeish]
Cello Concerto (1975, incomplete; pub. posthumously, 1988)
Five Caprichos, piano (1975)
Zandunga Serenade, band (1976)
Trombone Concerto (1976-77)
Die Früchte der Arbeit, documentary film score (1977)
WORKS BY GENRE Chávez Links ~ top of page ~
Dramatic/Theater
El fuego nuevo, ballet azteca (1921, unstaged)
Los cuatro sales, ballet indígena (1925; fp. 1951)
Caballos de vapor [H.P.], ballet (1926-32) [H. P. = Horse Power]
La hija de Cólquide, ballet, wind quartet and string quartet (1943) [choreography: M. Graham]
- rev. as "Dark Meadow" (fp. 23 Jan 1946)
Panfilo and Lauretta, opera in 3 acts (1953-56) [libretto: C. Kallman, after G. Boccaccio]
- rev. as "Love Propitiated" (fp. 28 Oct 1959)
- rev. as "El amor propiciado" (fp. 21 May 1963) [trans. N. Lindsay, E. Hernández Moncada]
- rev. as "Los visitantes" (fp. 26 July 1968)
- rev. as "The Visitors" (fp. 1973)
Pirámide, ballet in 4 acts, chorus, tape and orchestra (1968, unstaged)
Orchestra
Sinfonía, orchestra (1915-18)
Chapultepec (Obertura republicana): Three Famous Mexican Pieces, band (1926; arr. for orchestra, 1935)
- Marcha provinciana
- Vals nostálgico
- Canción de Adelita
Suite de Caballos de vapor (H.P.; Sinfonía de baile; Horsepower Suite; Ballet symphony), orchestra (1926) [also arr. for 2 pf]
Sinfoní de Antígona (Symphony No. l), orchestra (1933)
Cantos de México, orchestra (1933)
Sinfonía india (Symphony No. 2), orchestra (1935-36)
Chaconne in E Minor (Buxtehude) (orchestrated 1937)
Himno nacional (Jaime Nunó) (orchestrated 1941)
Concerto in G Minor, op. 6, no. 1 (Vivaldi) (orchestrated 1943)
La hija de Cólquide, symphonic suite, orchestra (1943)
- Zarabanda, string orchestra (1943)
Toccata, orchestra (1947) [incidental music for Don Quijote by Cervantes]
Symphony No. 5, string orchestra (1953)
Symphony No. 4 (sinfonía romántica), orchestra (1953)
Baile, cuadro sinfónico, orchestra (1953)
Symphony No. 3, orchestra (1951-54)
Symphony No. 6, orchestra (1961)
Resonancias, orchestra (1964)
Soli III, bassoon, trumpet, timpani, viola and orchestra (1965)
Elatio, orchestra (1967)
Discovery, orchestra (1969)
Clio, symphonic ode, orchestra (1969)
Initium, orchestra (1971)
Sonante, string orchestra (1973)
Paisajes mexicanas, orchestra (1973)
Band
Chapultepec (Obertura republicana), band (1926; arr. for orchestra, 1935)
- Marcha provinciana
- Vals nostálgico
- Canción de Adelita
El sol, corrido mexicano, chorus and orchestra (or band w/ad lib chorus) (1934) [text: trad., C. Gutiérrez Santa Cruz]
Mañanas mexicanas, piano (1967) [arr. 1974 for band]
Tzintzuntzan, variaciones sinfónicas, band (1974)
Zandunga Serenade, band (1976)
Soloist(s) w/Orchestra
Concerto, 4 horns and orchestra (1937-38; reorchestrated, 1964)
Piano Concerto (1938-40)
Violin Concerto (1948-50)
Soli III, bassoon, trumpet, timpani, viola and orchestra (1965)
Cello Concerto (1975, incomplete)
Trombone Concerto (1976-77)
Chorus w/Orchestra
Llamadas, sinfonía proletaria, chorus and orchestra (1934) [text: Mexican Revolutionary ballads]
El sol, corrido mexicano, chorus and orchestra (or band w/ad lib chorus) (1934) [text: trad., C. Gutiérrez Santa Cruz]
La paloma azul (The Blue Dove), chorus and piano (or small orchestra) (1940) [1939?]
Prometheus Bound, cantata, A, T, Bar, B soloists, chorus and orchestra (1956) [text: Aeschylus, trans. R. Trevelyan]
Choral
Himno En elogio de la espada, chorus (1916)
Imágen mexicana, chorus [STBB] (1923) [arr. of trad. Mexican canción] [also version for solo piano]
Tierra mojada, chorus; or chorus, oboe and English horn (1932) [text: R. López Velarde]
La paloma azul, chorus and piano (or small orchestra) (1940)
Tree of Sorrow (Arbolucu, te sequeste, chorus (1942) [text: trad. folksong arr.]
A Woman is a Worthy Thing, chorus (1942) [text: 15th-century]
Three Nocturnes, chorus (1942)
- Sonnet to Sleep [text: J. Keats]
- To the Moon [text: P.B. Shelley]
- So we'll go no more a-roving [text: Byron]
Ah! Freedome, chorus (1942) [text: J. Barbour, adapted W. Wager]
Canto a la tierra, unison chorus and piano (or 2 hn, 2 tpt, 2 trbn, tuba) (1946) [text: E. González Martínez]
Happy Birthday, chorus (1951)
Fragmento, speaking chorus (1968) [from ballet "Pirámide"]
Nonantzin, chorus (1972) [text: Nahuatl writings]
A Pastoral, chorus (1974) [text: N. Breton]
NOKWIC, chorus (1974) [text: Chávez]
The Waning Moon, chorus (1974) [text: Shelley]
Rarely, chorus (1974) [text: Shelley]
Epistle, chorus (1974) [text: A. MacLeish]
Chamber
Sextet, 2 violin, viola, 2 cellos and piano (1919)
String Quartet No. l (1921)
Energía, piccolo, flute, bassoon, horn, trumpet, bass trombone, viola, cello and double bass (1925)
Sonata, 4 horns (1929-30)
String Quartet No. 2, violin, viola, cello and double bass (1932)
Soli I, oboe, clarinet, trumpet and bassoon (1933)
Trio, flute, viola and harp (1940) [arrs. of Debussy and Falla]
Xochipili Macuilxoxhitl: Una música azteca imaginaria, piccolo, flute, clarinet, trombone, and 6 percussionists (1940)
Toccata, 6 percussionists (1942)
La hija de Cólquide, suite, woodwind quartet and string quartet (1943)
String Quartet No. 3 (1943-44)
Suite, double string quartet (1943) [Preludio; Interludio; Incantamento; Sarabanda; Peana; Postludio]
Soli II, wind quintet (flute, oboe, clarinet, bassoon and horn) (1961)
Tambuco, 6 percussionists (1964)
Fuga HAGC, violin, viola, cello and double bass (1964)
Invención II, string trio [violin, viola and cello] (1965)
Soli IV, horn, trumpet and trombone (1966)
Instrument and Piano
Preludio, violin and piano (1911)
Serenata, violin and piano (1913)
Romanza, violin and piano (1913)
Madrigal, cello (or viola) and piano (1921)
Sonatina, cello and piano (1924)
Sonatina, violin and piano (1924)
Three Spirals, violin and piano (1934)
Variations, violin and piano (1969)
Solo Instrument
Three Pieces (3 Piezas), guitar (1923)
Upingos, oboe (1957) [incidental music for Hippolytus by Eurípides]
Invención III, harp (1967)
Partita, timpani (1973)
Feuille d'album, guitar (1974)
Piano
La danza de las brujas, piano (1910)
Barcarola, piano (1911)
Canción, piano (1911)
Nocturno, piano (1911)
Serenata, piano (1911)
Miniatura, piano (1912)
Vals I y II, piano (1912)
Segundo estudio de concierto, piano (1915)
Adelita and La cucaracha, piano (1915)
Anda buscando de rosa en rosa, piano (1915)
Berceuse, piano (1918)
Carnaval, piano (1918)
Elegía I-II, piano (1918)
Esperanza ingenua, piano (1918)
Gavota, piano (1918)
Meditación, piano (1918)
Oda I, piano (1918)
Pensamiento feliz, piano (1918)
Sonata fantasia (Sonata No. l), piano (1918)
Suavemente (Suavamente), piano (1918)
Triste sonrisa, piano (1918)
Adiós, adiós, piano (1919)
Barcarola (2), piano (1919)
Du bist wie eine Blume, soprano (or tenor) and piano (1919) [text: H. Heine]
Sonata No. 2, piano (1919-20)
Benedición, piano (1920)
Cuando empieza a caer la tarde, piano (1920)
Encanto sutil, piano (1920)
Estudios (Etudes) I-IV, piano (1919-20)
Hoja de album, piano (1920)
Noche: aguafuerte, piano (1920)
Preludio, piano (1920)
Valses íntimos I-IV, piano (1919-20)
À l'aube: image mexicaine, piano (1921) [not 1915]
Vals Elegía, piano (1921)
Cuatro Nocturnos (4), piano (1922)
Jarabe, piano (1922) [after trad. Mexican dance]
Madrigals I-VII, piano (1921-22)
Aspectos I-II, piano (1923)
Imágen mexicana, piano (1923) [arr. of trad. Mexican canción] [also version for chorus]
Polígonos, piano (1923)
Sonatina, piano (1924)
Xochimilco Dance, piano (c. 1924)
Cake-Walk, piano (1925)
Foxtrot, piano (1925)
Suite de Caballos de vapor (H.P.; Sinfonía de baile; Horsepower Suite; Ballet symphony), orchestra (1926) [also arr. for 2 pf]
Sonata for Piano (Sonata III) (1928)
Piano pieces published in "New Music Education" (1936), and later as:
Seven Pieces, piano (1923-1930)
- Polígonos (Palygons) (Polygons?), piano (1923) - IN CHRONO
- Solo, piano (1926) - IN CHRONO
- 36, piano (1925) - IN CHRONO
- Blues, piano (1928)
- Fox, piano (1928)
- Paisaje (Landscape), piano (1930)
- Unidad (Unity), piano (1930)
Ten Preludes for Piano (1937)
Para Juanita, piano (1940)
Sonata No. 4, piano (1941)
Fugas, piano (1942)
Miniatura: homenaje a Carl Deis, piano (1942)
Danza de la pluma, piano (1943) [after trad. Mexican dance]
La zandunga, piano (1943)
Three Etudes for Piano à Chopin (1949) [not 1926]
Estudio IV: homenaje a Chopin, piano (1949)
Left Hand Inversions of 5 Chopin Etudes, piano (1950)
Cuatro nuevos estudios (4), piano (1952)
Invención, piano (1958)
Sonata No. 5, piano (1960)
Sonata No. 6, piano (1961)
Mañanas mexicanas, piano (1967)
Estudio a Rubinstein, piano (1973)
Five Caprichos, piano (1975)
Vocal
Extase, voice and piano (1918)
Meine lieber Flamen, voice and piano (1918)
Estrellas fijas, soprano (or tenor) and piano (1919) [text: J. A. Silva]
Du bist wie eine Blume, soprano (or tenor) and piano (1919) [text: H. Heine]
Inútil epigramma, soprano (or tenor) and piano (1923) [text: R. de Carvalho]
Tres exágonos, soprano (or tenor) and piano (or fl/pic, ob/EH, bsn, va) (1923) [text: C. Pellicer]
Otros tres exágonos, soprano (or tenor), flute, oboe, bassoon, viola and piano (1924) [text: C. Pellicer]
Todo, mezzo-soprano (or baritone) and piano (1932) [text: R. López Velarde] [pub. in "Dos canciones", 1958]
Three Poems, soprano (or tenor) and piano (1938)
- Segador [text: Pellicer]
- Hoy no lució la estrella de rus ojos [text: S. Novo]
- Nocturna rosa [text: Villaurrutia]
Cuatro Nocturnos (4 songs), soprano, alto and orchestra (1939) [text: X. Villaurrutia]
La casada infiel, alto (or baritone) and piano (1941) [text: F. García Lorca]
Cuatro melodías tradicionales indias del Ecuador, (4 songs) soprano (or tenor), fl, ob, cl, bsn, str qt, db and 2 perc (1942)
- Qué te Parece, Pirucha
- Santo, San Juanito
- Tristezas me Depara
- Quisiera ser Danzantito
North Carolina Blues, mezzo-soprano (or baritone) and piano (1942) [text: Villaurrutia] [pub. in "Dos canciones", 1958]
Dos canciones (2 songs), mezzo-soprano (or baritone) and piano (pub. 1958)
- Todo (1932) [text: R. López Velarde]
- North Carolina Blues (1942) [text: Villaurrutia]
Lamentaciones, soprano (or tenor), piccolo, oboe and 2 perc [marimba, bombo] (1962) [text: Nahuatl text, trans. A.M. Garibay]
Vocalización aguda, coloratura soprano and piano (1967)
Incidental/Film
Antígona, incidental music, piccolo, oboe, English horn, clarinet, trumpet, harp and 2 perc (1932) [J. Cocteau, after Sophocles]
Toccata, orchestra (1947) [incidental music for Don Quijote by Cervantes]
Upingos, oboe (1957) [incidental music for Hippolytus by Eurípides]
Sinfonia de México, documentary short film score (1970)
Tema equis, a set of television station ID's, brass quintet and chorus (1972)
Puntos rojos, documentary short film score (1973)
Die Früchte der Arbeit, documentary film score (1977)
CHÁVEZ LINKS Works by Genre ~ top of page ~
Aztec Music, Reconstructed (Time Magazine, 27 May 1940)
Carlos Chávez: A Guide to Research (Robert L. Parker, Psychology Pr, books.google.com)
Carlos Chávez and the Corrido (Amber Donna Waseen, OhioLINK ETD)
Composer Carlos Chavez Appointed To Charles Eliot Norton Lectureship (The Harvard Crimson Archives, 1958)
Music & The Socio-Cultural Environment of Post-Revolutionary Mexico (Peter Kun Frary, Univ of Hawaii)
Musical Thought (Carlos Chávez, 1961)
Performance Issuse Related to Soli by Carlos Chávez (digital.library.unt.edu)
The Piano Works of Carloa Chavez (Dime Nordyke, Texas Tech University)
Reflections on Carlos Chavez After His Death by Lou Harrison & Aaron Copland (Internet Archive/Other Minds)
Toward a New Music (Carlos Chávez, 1937)
Two Faces of Mexican Music: Carlos Chávez and Silvestre Revueltas Revisited (Library of Congress)
Composer website . . . inquire about Carlos Chávez: here
Chávez @ Wikipedia
Chávez @ Wikipedia.es (in Spanish)
Chávez @ About.com
Chávez @ All Music Guide to Classical Music (Chris Woodstra, et al, Hal Leonard Pub)
Chávez @ Answers.com
Chávez @ Classical Archives
Chávez @ Classical Composers Database
Chávez @ Classical Net
Chávez @ ClassicsToday
Chávez @ Dr. Estrella's Incredibly Abridged Dictionary of Composers
Chávez @ Facebook
Chávez @ Find a Grave
Chávez @ Gilder-MusicWeb Dictionary of Composers
Chávez @ Houston Symphony
Chávez @ IMDb (Internet Movie Database)
Chávez @ InstantEncore
Chávez @ Karadar Classical Music
Chávez @ Los Angeles Philharmonic also here
Chávez @ Mark Morris’s Guide to Twentieth Century Composers - Carlos Chávez
Chávez @ Meet Mexico
Chávez @ Mexico and the United States (Lee Stacy, Marshall Cavendish Corp.)
Chávez @ Most of the Shebang
Chávez @ MusicWeb International
Chávez @ Naxos
Chávez @ The New York Times
Chávez @ NNDB
Chávez @ REC Music Foundation /The Lied and Art Song Texts Page
Chávez @ G. Schirmer
Chávez @ Teri Quinn
Chávez @ Unsung Symphonies
Chávez @ Virginia Tech Multimedia Music Dictionary
Publisher
Chávez @ Affiliated Musicians
Chávez @ Belwin Mills
Chávez @ Boosey & Hawkes
Chávez @ E. Bote & G. Bock
Chávez @ Carlanita Music [sole selling agent, G. Schirmer]
Chávez @ Carl Fischer
Chávez @ Cenidim
Chávez @ Coleccion Arion
Chávez @ Cos Cob Press [reissued under the auspices of Arrow Music Press]
Chávez @ Ediciones Mexicanas de Música [Peer International]
Chávez @ M. Eschig
Chávez @ Instituto nacional de bellas artes
Chávez @ E.F. Kalmus
Chávez @ Masters Music Company
Chávez @ Mercury Music
Chávez @ Mills Music
Chávez @ New Music Edition
Chávez @ New Music Quarterly
Chávez @ New Music Society of California
Chávez @ N[ew] Y[ork] Music Press
Chávez @ G. Schirmer
Chávez @ Secretaria de Educación Pública, Departamento de Bellas Artes
Chávez @ Southern Music Pub. Co.
Chávez @ Tetra music Corp.[sole agent, Alexander Broude]
Chávez @ A. Wagner y Levien
Streaming Audio
Chávez @ Classical Archives
Chávez @ Internet Archive/Reflections on Carlos Chavez After His Death by Lou Harrison & Aaron Copland
Chávez @ last.fm
Chávez @ MySpaceMusic/Southwest Chamber Music also here and here and here
Chávez @ Rhapsody.com
Recordings
Chávez @ Composer website
Chávez @ ArkivMusic
Chávez @ CD Universe
Chávez @ ClassicsOnline
Chávez @ Discogs
Chávez @ Southwest Chamber Music
Video
Chávez @ YouTube
Chávez @ Google Video
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